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TRACING · 6 MIN

How peel chains launder large thefts — and how to follow them

A thief who steals millions rarely moves it in one hop. The peel chain is the workhorse of laundering — and it leaves a followable trail.

What a peel chain is

A peel chain is a long sequence of transactions where, at each step, a small amount is “peeled” off to a cash-out address (an exchange deposit, a swap, a payment) while the bulk of the funds moves on to a fresh wallet. Repeat this dozens or hundreds of times and a single large theft is dispersed into a fan of small, individually-unremarkable movements.

The goal is to break the obvious one-to-one link between the theft and any single cash-out, and to exhaust an investigator who tries to follow every branch by hand.

Why the bulk flow is the signal

The defining feature of a peel chain is that the large remainder keeps moving. At every hop, one output is dramatically bigger than the others — that is the continuation of the chain. The small peels are the leaves.

Recupero follows the largest-value leg at each hop rather than trying to enumerate every branch. That single rule cuts through most of the noise: the peels self-identify as terminal, and the trail of the principal amount stays intact across the whole chain.

Where peel chains end

Peel chains usually terminate at one of a few places: a centralized-exchange deposit address (a subpoena target), a bridge to another chain (the trail continues on the other side), or a mixer (where following becomes probabilistic).

Reaching the endpoint is what turns a trace into an action — a freeze request to the exchange, a cross-chain continuation, or a demixing lead for investigator review.

Protect your wallet with Recupero

Screen an address before you send, or trace stolen funds to a freeze target.